Vocabulary for all competitive exams 14-10-2019

1. vicious (adjective) – शातिर, भ्रष्ट, दुष्ट
Pronunciation: vi-shus
Meaning: deliberately cruel or violent; (of an animal) wild and dangerous to people; serious or dangerous; immoral
Synonyms: brutal, ferocious, savage, violent, dangerous, ruthless, remorseless, merciless, heartless, callous
Antonyms: gentle, kindly, benevolent
UsageVicious thugs attacked an elderly man.

2. bleak (adj): उजाड़, असत्कारशील, निरानंद
Meaning: (of an area of land) lacking vegetation; (of a building or room) charmless and inhospitable; dreary; (of the weather) cold and miserable; (of a situation) not hopeful or encouraging; unlikely to have a favourable outcome; (of a person’s expression) cold and forbidding
Synonyms: bare, exposed, desolate, stark, arid, desert, denuded; cold, keen, raw, harsh, wintry, piercing; unpromising, unfavourable, unpropitious, inauspicious, adverse, disadvantageous, uninviting, discouraging, disheartening, depressing
Antonyms: lush, verdant; warm, balmy; promising, hopeful
Usage:

  • This is a bleak valley.
  • It is a bleak midwinter’s day.
  • They showed me into a bleak waiting room.
  • The future looks bleak for the fishing industry.

3. relish (noun, verb) – पसंद, चसका
Pronunciation: rel-ish
Meaning: great enjoyment; liking for or pleasurable anticipation of something; enjoy greatly; anticipate with pleasure
Synonyms: enjoyment, gusto, delight, pleasure, glee; enjoy, love, like, adore; look forward to, fancy
Antonyms: dislike; dread
Usage:

  • She ate her cake slowly and with relish. (noun)
  • Routine office jobs have no relish at all for me. (noun)
  • Ella relished her freedom. (verb)

4. incur (verb) – झेलना
Pronunciation: in-kur
Meaning: become subject to (something unwelcome or unpleasant) as a result of one’s own behaviour or actions
Synonyms: suffer, sustain, experience
Antonym: avoid
Usage: The business owner will incur a penalty this tax year for not paying her taxes on time.

5. commotion (noun) –  तहलका, शोर-ग़ुल, खलबली
Pronunciation: kumo-sh(u)n
Meaning: a state of confused and noisy disturbance
Synonyms: disturbance, racket, uproar, tumult, ruckus, clamour
Usage: Tom went outside to discover what all the commotion was about.

6. insurrection (noun) – विद्रोह
Pronunciation: insur-ekshun
Meaning: a violent uprising against an authority or government
Synonyms: rebellion, revolt, uprising, mutiny, revolution, insurgence
Usage: After a few days, the leaders of the insurrection surrendered.

7. incendiary (adjective) – आग भड़कानेवाला
Pronunciation: in-sen-di-uri
Meaning: (of a device or attack) designed to cause fires; tending to stir up conflict
Synonyms: combustible, flammable, inflammable, inflammatory, provocative, seditious, subversive, revolutionary
Antonym: conciliatory
Usage:

  • Five incendiary devices were found in her house.
  • You should avoid delivering incendiary speeches.

8. genesis (noun) – उत्पत्ति
Pronunciation: jeni-sis
Meaning: the origin or mode of formation of something
Synonyms: origin, source, root, beginning, commencement, start, outset, formation, emergence, development, evolution
Usage: The project had its genesis two years earlier.

9. collapse (verb, noun) – दुर्घटना, गिरावट, मूर्च्छित होना
Pronunciation: kul-aps
Meaning: (of a structure) suddenly fall down or give way; (of a person) fall down and become unconscious as a result of illness or injury; fail suddenly and completely; an instance of a structure falling down or giving way; a physical or mental breakdown
Synonyms: subside, sag, slump; faint, swoon; fail, break down
Antonyms: hold up; succeed
Usage:

  • The country’s economy is about to collapse. (verb)
  • Mr. Sato collapsed from exhaustion. (verb)
  • Tom suffered from a collapsed lung. (verb)
  • He suffered a collapse from overwork. (noun)

10. communal (adjective) – सामुदायिक
Pronunciation: kom-yu-n(u)l / kum-yoo-n(u)l
Meaning: shared by all members of a community; for common use
Synonyms: shared, joint, common, general, public, collective
Antonyms: private, individual
Usage: The communal pool at the community center is open to everyone that lives in the neighborhood.



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